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This book highlights the importance of surface nanomaterials for analytical applications and diagnostics. As widely been stated, surface is the base for all downstream analytical applications and the incorporation of additional material to form a hybrid makes a drastic improvement in the performance of the surfaces. Even though, metallic hybrid materials play a pivotal role, non-metallic and metallic hybrid materials yield new avenues. Characterization of these hybrid nanomaterials provides a detailed insight, which attests to new inventions and novel materials. Hybrid nanomaterials are characterized by analytical systems and to generate the analytical systems hybrid materials are essential. The potential of hybrid nanomaterials exists within various interdisciplinary sciences including medicine, which this book presents. Introduction to Hybrid Materials and Nanostructures Analytical Tools for Characterizing Nanomaterials Methods for Fabrication of Metal Nanoparticles Fabrication and Characterization of Hybrids with Graphene Derivatives/Analogues for Analytical Applications Zero to Multi-dimensional Nanohybrid Materials: Synthesis and Characterization Graphene-Based Hybrid Materials and Their Applications Hybrid Nanomaterials in Biosensors for Advanced Point-of-Care Diagnostics: DNA-, Enzyme-, or Immunosensor-Based, for Healthcare Development of a Smart Spirometry Filter Utilizing Silver Nanoparticles Coated on Pulmonary Function Filters to Prevent Bacterial Adhesion Preparation and Applications of Silicon and Silica Hybrid Materials Modified LiNbO3 Films: Insights and Potential Applications Downstream Applications of Smart and Hybrid Nanomaterials Hybrid and Smart Nanomaterials in Biosensors