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This is an interdisciplinary book that presents the applications of novel laser spectroscopy and imaging techniques for the detection of cancers recently developed by some of the world's most renown researchers. The book consists of three parts and a total of 16 chapters. Each chapter is written by leading experts who are actively seeking to develop novel spectroscopic and analytical methods for cancer detection and diagnosis.In Part I, the authors present fundamentals on optics, atoms and molecules, biophysics, cancer and machine learning. These chapters are intended for those who are not experts in the field but wish to learn about fundamentals' aspects of some of the key topics that are addressed in this book. Particular attention has been given to providing key references for those who wish to go further into the fundamental aspects of atoms and molecules, light-matter interaction, optical instrumentation, machine learning and cancer.In Part II, the authors present key applications of various laser spectroscopic methods in cancer diagnosis. They have provided recent progress in cancer diagnostics obtained by combining laser spectroscopy and machine learning for the analysis of the spectra acquired from biomedical tissues and biofluids.In Part III, the authors present chapters that discuss key developments in the applications of various laser imaging techniques for cancer detection.This is one of the few books that addresses cancer detection and diagnosis using laser spectroscopic and imaging tools with an eye on providing the reader the scientific tools, including machine learning ones. Dedication Epigraph Foreword Preface Contributing Authors Fundamentals Cancer biology and the optical assessment of human tumors Light interaction with atoms and molecules Biomedical optics in a nutshell Fundamentals of Optical Instrumentation for Spectroscopic and Imaging Applications Cancer diagnosis using optical methods: Fundamentals of classification with machine learning Optical Spectroscopy Exogenous fluorescence polarization imaging for cancer detection Laser-ablation spectroscopy for imaging of tumor markers and nanoparticle labels Application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to the study of blood sera of patients with breast cancer Diagnosis and staging of cancers using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and machine learning Raman spectroscopy and machine learning for diagnosis and monitoring of cancer Optical Imaging Application of fluorescence lifetime imaging in cancer diagnosis The role of machine learning and time-resolved autofluorescence imaging for intraoperative cancer margin delineation Laser Induced Breakdown Imaging of Biomedical Samples: A Short Review and Perspectives Raman imaging, deep learning, and applications to cancer detection Skin cancer detection using optical coherence tomography White light interference phase microscopy with machine learning model for the study of biological cells and tissues Index